Rheumatoid Arthritis Heart Symptoms: 5 Ways to Protect Your Heart

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition that primarily affects the joints, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness. However, the impact of RA extends beyond the joints, with increasing evidence showing a significant link between RA and heart disease. In this article, we explore the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and heart health, the increased risk factors, and what can be done to reduce these risks.

The Link Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Heart Disease

Rheumatoid arthritis and heart disease share several common factors, particularly chronic inflammation. This inflammation, which is central to the RA condition, can also contribute to the development of cardiovascular problems. Individuals with RA have a heightened risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), which includes conditions like heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure.

How RA Increases the Risk of Heart Disease

RA patients are at a higher risk of developing heart disease for several reasons. First, the chronic inflammation in the body can damage blood vessels, leading to the formation of plaques in the arteries. These plaques can narrow and block blood flow, increasing the likelihood of heart attacks or strokes.

Furthermore, people with RA often share other risk factors for heart disease, such as high blood pressure, obesity, and high cholesterol. RA medications, such as corticosteroids, can also exacerbate heart disease risk by raising blood sugar levels, cholesterol, and blood pressure.

Identifying Heart Disease Symptoms in RA Patients

It is important for individuals with rheumatoid arthritis to be vigilant for symptoms of heart disease. While heart disease often develops silently, there are some key signs that RA patients should watch for:

• Shortness of breath

• Chest pain or discomfort

• Fatigue or extreme tiredness, even with minimal physical activity

• Pain in the arms, neck, or jaw (especially during physical activity)

Recognizing these symptoms early and seeking medical attention can help prevent more serious cardiovascular events.

Preventing Heart Disease in People with Rheumatoid Arthritis

While the risk of heart disease is higher for those with RA, there are several strategies to manage and reduce these risks. A combination of lifestyle changes and medical treatment can help protect the heart.

1. Controlling RA Inflammation

The key to reducing heart disease risk in RA patients is controlling the underlying inflammation. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), including methotrexate and biologics, can help manage RA symptoms and may also reduce the risk of heart disease by controlling inflammation.

2. Adopting a Heart-Healthy Diet

A balanced diet that promotes heart health is essential for RA patients. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help lower cholesterol, blood pressure, and inflammation. Omega-3 fatty acids found in fatty fish like salmon have been shown to reduce inflammation and improve heart health.

3. Regular Physical Activity

Exercise is beneficial for both joint and heart health. Patients with RA should aim for low-impact activities such as swimming, walking, or cycling. Exercise can improve blood circulation, reduce inflammation, and help with weight management, which is crucial for reducing heart disease risk.

4. Managing Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors

RA patients should regularly monitor other cardiovascular risk factors, including blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood sugar. Managing conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease.

5. Quitting Smoking

Smoking is a significant risk factor for both RA and heart disease. Quitting smoking can greatly improve cardiovascular health and help manage RA symptoms.

The Importance of Regular Heart Health Screenings

Given the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in RA patients, it is important to undergo regular screenings. Doctors may recommend periodic checks for blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. Additionally, screenings for heart disease, such as stress tests or echocardiograms, may be recommended for those with more severe RA.

Conclusion

Rheumatoid arthritis is more than just a joint disease. Its chronic inflammation can increase the risk of heart disease, making it essential for patients to take steps to manage both conditions. By controlling RA inflammation, adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle, and regularly monitoring heart health, RA patients can reduce their risk of cardiovascular complications and lead healthier lives.